Explainable Artificial Intelligence: Concepts, Applications, Research Challenges and Visions. Luca Longo, Randy Goebel, Freddy Lecue, Peter Kieseberg & …Explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI) is an established field with a vibrant community that has developed a variety of very successful approaches to explain and …Previous artificial intelligence (AI) systems were primarily unexplainable, affecting their clinical credibility and acceptability. ... Explainable artificial intelligence incorporated with domain knowledge diagnosing early gastric neoplasms under white light endoscopy NPJ Digit Med. 2023 Apr 12;6(1):64. doi: … 説明可能なAI （せつめいかのうなエーアイ、英語: Explainable artificial intelligence 、略称XAI）またはAIを説明するための技術 は、人工知能 (AI) が導き出した答えに対して、人間が納得できる根拠を示すための技術である 。 Explainable AI principles. To expand on the idea of what constitutes XAI, the National Institute of Standards (NIST), part of the U.S. Department of Commerce, defines four principles of explainable artificial intelligence: An AI system should supply “evidence, support, or reasoning for each output.”Jan 19, 2022 · In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has shown great promise in medicine. However, explainability issues make AI applications in clinical usages difficult. Some research has been conducted into explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to overcome the limitation of the black-box nature of AI methods. Compared with AI techniques such as deep learning, XAI can provide both decision ... Conclusion. This paper provides a novel finance data analysis approach based on explainable artificial intelligence applied to discovery the relationship between digital finance and consumption upgrading. Boosting trees was utilized as the machine learning model and Shapely value was adopted to interpret the model.In this article, we present a historical perspective of Explainable Artificial Intelligence. We discuss how explainability was mainly conceived in the past, how it is understood in the present and, how it might be understood in the future. We conclude the article by proposing criteria for explanations that we believe will play a crucial role in ...May 27, 2023 · The quest to open black box artificial intelligence (AI) systems evolved into an emerging phenomenon of global interest for academia, business, and society and brought about the rise of the research field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). With its pluralistic view, information systems (IS) research is predestined to contribute to this emerging field; thus, it is not surprising that ... Explainable AI is a set of techniques, principles and processes used to help the creators and users of artificial intelligence models understand how these models …The Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) research area, as a developing branch of artificial intelligence (AI), is investigating various approaches that will allow the behavior of intelligent autonomous systems to be interpretable and understandable to humans. Human–machine interaction, on the bridge between Data Science and Social ...Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Concepts, taxonomies, opportunities and challenges toward responsible AI - ScienceDirect. Abstract. Introduction. Section …Oct 26, 2022 · With the extensive application of deep learning (DL) algorithms in recent years, e.g., for detecting Android malware or vulnerable source code, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are increasingly becoming essential in the development of cybersecurity solutions. However, sharing the same fundamental limitation with other DL application domains, such as computer vision (CV ... The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into human society mandates that their decision-making process is explicable to users, as exemplified in Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics. Such human interpretability calls for explainable AI (XAI), of which this paper cites various models. However, the transaction between computable accuracy and …Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Concepts, Taxonomies, Opportunities and Challenges toward Responsible AI Alejandro Barredo Arrietaa, Natalia D´ıaz-Rodr ´ıguez b, Javier Del Sera,c,d, Adrien Bennetotb,e,f, Siham Tabikg, Alberto Barbadoh, Salvador Garcia g, Sergio Gil-Lopeza, Daniel Molina , Richard Benjaminsh, Raja Chatilaf, and Francisco …Jul 1, 2021 · Previous research in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) suggests that a main aim of explainability approaches is to satisfy specific interests, goals, expectations, needs, and demands regarding artificial systems (we call these “stakeholders' desiderata”) in a variety of contexts. The quest to open black box artificial intelligence (AI) systems evolved into an emerging phenomenon of global interest for academia, business, and society and brought about the rise of the research field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). With its pluralistic view, information systems (IS) research is predestined to contribute to this …DARPA's explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) program endeavors to create AI systems whose learned models and decisions can be understood and appropriately trusted by end users. Realizing this goal requires methods for learning more explainable models, designing effective explanation interfaces, and understanding the …We are delighted to introduce our special issue on “Explainable and responsible artificial intelligence”. The call was announced in 2021 with April 2022 as the deadline for submissions. Subsequently, Electronic Markets sponsored our second mini-track on "Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)" at the 55 th Hawaiian International ...May 24, 2021 · To reach a better understanding of how AI models come to their decisions, organizations are turning to explainable artificial intelligence (AI). What Is Explainable AI? Explainable AI, also abbreviated as XAI, is a set of tools and techniques used by organizations to help people better understand why a model makes certain decisions and how it ... The rapid growth and use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems have raised concerns regarding explainability. Recent studies have discussed the emerging demand for explainable AI (XAI); however, a systematic review of explainable artificial intelligence from an end user's perspective can provide a comprehensive understanding …Abstract. We introduce four principles for explainable artificial intelligence (AI) that comprise the fundamental properties for explainable AI systems. They were developed to encompass the multidisciplinary nature of explainable AI, including the fields of computer science, engineering, and psychology. Because one size fits all explanations …XAI, or explainable artificial intelligence, is gaining importance for GPTs (Generative Pretrained Transformers) as these models become more sophisticated and capable. GPTs are notorious for their lack of interpretability and transparency, despite achieving remarkable results in several applications. This makes it difficult to …Dec 4, 2021 · The stated goal of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) was to create a suite of new or modified machine learning techniques that produce explainable models that, when combined with effective explanation techniques, enable end users to understand, appropriately trust, and effectively manage the emerging generation of AI systems. Explainable AI (XAI) techniques aim to provide additional information about a model's decision thereby improving trust in model's decisions, as shown in Fig. 1 “An explainable model is one which provides explanations for its predictions at the human level for a specific task. An interpretable model is one for which some …PMID: 37527200. DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000983. We summarize an overview of the key concepts, and categorize some examples of commonly employed XAI methods. Specific to ophthalmology, we explore XAI from a clinical perspective, in enhancing end-user trust, assisting clinical management, and uncovering new insights.XAI, or explainable artificial intelligence, is gaining importance for GPTs (Generative Pretrained Transformers) as these models become more sophisticated and capable. GPTs are notorious for their lack of interpretability and transparency, despite achieving remarkable results in several applications. This makes it difficult to …A cyber-physical system (CPS) can be referred to as a network of cyber and physical components that communicate with each other in a feedback manner. A CPS is essential for daily activities and approves critical infrastructure as it provides the base for innovative smart devices. The recent advances in the field of explainable artificial …Explainability is one of the most heavily debated topics when it comes to the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. Even though AI-driven systems have been shown to outperform humans in certain analytical tasks, the lack of explainability continues to spark criticism. Yet, explainability is not a purely technological issue ...Jun 6, 2023 · This paper investigates the prospect of developing human-interpretable, explainable artificial intelligence (AI) systems based on active inference and the free energy principle. We first provide a brief overview of active inference, and in particular, of how it applies to the modeling of decision-making, introspection, as well as the generation of overt and covert actions. We then discuss how ... Jul 1, 2021 · Previous research in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) suggests that a main aim of explainability approaches is to satisfy specific interests, goals, expectations, needs, and demands regarding artificial systems (we call these “stakeholders' desiderata”) in a variety of contexts. Explainability is one of the most heavily debated topics when it comes to the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. Even though AI-driven systems have been shown to outperform humans in certain analytical tasks, the lack of explainability continues to spark criticism. Yet, explainability is not a purely technological issue ...Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a game-changer in various industries. One of the most significant applications of AI is in the development of intelligent apps. Artifici...Explainable AI is an artificial intelligence method or technique in which the solution can be evaluated and understood by humans. It differs from standard ML techniques, in which researchers frequently fail to comprehend why the system has reached a particular conclusion.Explainable AI is a set of techniques, principles and processes used to help the creators and users of artificial intelligence models understand how these models …Wohlin conducted a review of the literature related to explainable artificial intelligence systems, with a focus on knowledge-enabled systems, including expert systems, cognitive assistants, semantic applications, and machine learning domains. In this review, Wohlin proposed new definitions for explainable knowledge-enabled systems …Thus, using explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) models, our analysis identifies the most effective strategies, which are built on a combination of institutional and energy-related features to limit environmental degradation from CO 2 emissions. This study also provides insights into the contemporary debate among researchers as to whether ...May 12, 2022 · 1 Introduction. «1» Generally speaking, Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays two roles in Decision-Making. The first one is as an assistant to the process itself, by providing information through inference (e.g., a profile about a subject or situation) to the (human) agent responsible for the decision. Jul 27, 2021 ... ABSTRACT. Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is a research direction that was already put under scrutiny, in particular in the AI&Law ...Explainable artificial intelligence (AI) has drawn a lot of attention recently since AI systems are being employed more often across a variety of industries, including education. Building trust and increasing the efficacy of AI systems in educational settings requires the capacity to explain how they make decisions. This article provides a ...Aug 17, 2020 · 152. We present four fundamental principles for explainable AI systems. These principles are. 153. heavily influenced by considering the AI system’s interaction with the human recipient of. 154. the information. The requirements of the given situation, the task at hand, and the consumer. "The eXplainable Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Management (xAIM) master is unique in its structure because it offers a series of exciting and innovative aspects, at different levels, for different professionals. The Master's has been built using a multidisciplinary approach that includes more European academic entities and …Due to a lack of trust in existing ML-based systems, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI)-based methods are gaining popularity. Although neither the domain nor the methods are novel, they are gaining popularity due to their ability to unbox the black box. The explainable AI methods are of varying strengths, and …Artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities have grown rapidly with the introduction of cutting-edge deep-model architectures and learning strategies. Explainable AI (XAI) methods aim to make the capabilities of AI models beyond accuracy interpretable by providing explanations. The explanations are mainly …Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rapidly growing field of technology that has already made a significant impact on many industries. AI is the development of computer systems that ...As a consequence, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), an emerging frontier of AI, is pertinent due to its ability to help answer the raised concerns and mitigate the associated risks. XAI gives a suite of ML techniques to generate an explainable model and develop a trustworthy human …Abstract. This study focuses on explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in finance. We collected 2,733 articles published between 2013 and 2023 from the Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed trends in literature development and future prospects using an integrated CiteSpace and Natural Language Processing (NLP) bibliometric …[10] Dos̃ilović F.K., Brc̃ić M., Hlupić N., Explainable artificial intelligence: A survey, 41st International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO), 2018, pp. 210 – 215. Google Scholar [11] P. Hall, On the Art and Science of Machine Learning Explanations, 2018. Google ScholarMarch 20, 2024, 12:05 p.m. ET. A Manhattan judge on Wednesday declined to impose sanctions on Michael D. Cohen, the onetime fixer for former President …Explainable artificial intelligence: A survey Abstract: In the last decade, with availability of large datasets and more computing power, machine learning systems have achieved (super)human performance in a wide variety of tasks. Examples of this rapid development can be seen in image recognition, …Intelligent agents must be able to communicate intentions and explain their decision-making processes to build trust, foster confidence, and improve human-agent team dynamics. Recognizing this need, academia and industry are rapidly proposing new ideas, methods, and frameworks to aid in the design of …Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Concepts, taxonomies, opportunities and challenges toward responsible AI - ScienceDirect. Abstract. Introduction. Section …Jan 1, 2022 · There are emerging concerns about the Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Ethics (FATE) of educational interventions supported by the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms. One of the emerging methods for increasing trust in AI systems is to use eXplainable AI (XAI), which promotes the use of methods that produce transparent ... Feb 26, 2024 · What users obtain from explainable artificial intelligence is the precondition for trust, rather than novel knowledge. This trust necessitates satisfaction via a comprehensive RDF, implying that ... Nov 1, 2023 · Explainable artificial intelligence In this study, we primarily discuss ML, a subset of AI that enables computers to learn and improve without being explicitly programmed. ML algorithms employ statistical models to analyse vast amounts of data, identifying patterns, trends, and associations within the data. May 10, 2021 ... By designing explainable AI in applications, ABB stands out in the market: This fosters trust – more crucial now than ever. When models are ...Abstract: We define hybrid intelligence (HI) as the combination of human and machine intelligence, augmenting human intellect and capabilities instead of replacing them and achieving goals that were unreachable by either humans or machines. HI is an important new research focus for artificial intelligence, and …Jul 12, 2021 · 1 INTRODUCTION. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have demonstrated their potential to revolutionize industries, public services, and society, achieving or even surpassing human levels of performance in terms of accuracy for a range of problems, such as image and speech recognition (Mnih et al., 2015) and language translation (Young et al., 2018). Sep 29, 2021 · Four Principles of Explainable Artificial Intelligence. Published. September 29, 2021. Author(s) Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) refers to a collection of procedures and techniques that enable machine learning algorithms to produce output and results …Intelligent agents must be able to communicate intentions and explain their decision-making processes to build trust, foster confidence, and improve human-agent team dynamics. Recognizing this need, academia and industry are rapidly proposing new ideas, methods, and frameworks to aid in the design of …Microsoft Corp. March 21 (Reuters) - The United Nations General Assembly on Thursday unanimously adopted the first global resolution on artificial intelligence that …Feb 27, 2021 ... It is a field dedicated to studying methods. Artificial Intelligence applications produce solutions that can be explained, acting as a ...DARPA's explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) program endeavors to create AI systems whose learned models and decisions can be understood and appropriately trusted by end users. Realizing this goal requires methods for learning more explainable models, designing effective explanation interfaces, and understanding the …Aug 18, 2020 · Abstract. We introduce four principles for explainable artificial intelligence (AI) that comprise the fundamental properties for explainable AI systems. They were developed to encompass the multidisciplinary nature of explainable AI, including the fields of computer science, engineering, and psychology. Because one size fits all explanations do ... 1. Introduction. Recently, the notion of explainable artificial intelligence has seen a resurgence, after having slowed since the burst of work on explanation in expert systems over three decades ago; for example, see Chandrasekaran et al. [23], [168], and Buchanan and Shortliffe [14].Sometimes …Explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI) is an established field with a vibrant community that has developed a variety of very successful approaches to explain and …Artificial intelligence involves complex studies in many areas of math, computer science and other hard sciences. Experts outfit computers and machines with specialized parts, help...In recent years, there has been a significant surge in the adoption of industrial automation across various sectors. This rise can be attributed to the advancements in artificial i...Introduction. Artificial Intelligence (AI), a research area initiated in the 1950ies (Mccarthy et al., Citation 2006), has received significant attention in science and practice.Global spending on AI systems is expected to more than double from 38 billion USD in 2019 to 98 billion USD by 2023 (Shirer & Daquila, Citation 2019).Emphasizing on …Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) promises to resolve the issue of explainability and interpretability of DL black boxes . With the continuously increasing volume of customer review data, a robust end-to-end framework using AI/ML can help accurately predict customer sentiment. Such a framework will be beneficial for FDS …Such an understanding helps determine if, when, and how much to rely on the outputs generated by these models. This graduate level course aims to familiarize students with the recent advances in the emerging field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). In this course, we will review seminal position papers in the field, understand the ...PMID: 37527200. DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000983. We summarize an overview of the key concepts, and categorize some examples of commonly employed XAI methods. Specific to ophthalmology, we explore XAI from a clinical perspective, in enhancing end-user trust, assisting clinical management, and uncovering new insights.Artificial intelligence (AI) is often considered a black box because it provides optimal answers without clear insight into its decision-making process. To …XAI—Explainable artificial intelligence. Explainability is essential for users to effectively understand, trust, and manage powerful artificial intelligence applications. Recent successes in machine learning (ML) have led to a new wave of artificial intelligence (AI) applications that offer extensive benefits to a diverse range of fields.Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is of tremendous importance in this context. We provide an overview of current research on XAI in Finance with a systematic literature review screening 2,022 articles from leading Finance, Information Systems, and Computer Science outlets. We identify a set of 60 …The rapid growth and use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems have raised concerns regarding explainability. Recent studies have discussed the emerging demand for explainable AI (XAI); however, a systematic review of explainable artificial intelligence from an end user's perspective can provide a comprehensive understanding …Explainable AI (XAI) techniques aim to provide additional information about a model's decision thereby improving trust in model's decisions, as shown in Fig. 1 “An explainable model is one which provides explanations for its predictions at the human level for a specific task. An interpretable model is one for which some …Apr 15, 2020 ... Explainable AI is one of the hottest topics in the field of Machine Learning. Machine Learning models are often thought of as black boxes ... Keywords: Explainable artificial intelligence, method classification, survey, systematic literature review 1. Introduction The number of scientific articles, conferences and symposia around the world in eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has significantly increased over the last decade [1, 2]. This has led Mar 4, 2021 ... Visual explanations. Visual explainable methods produce pictures or plots in order to provide information about the model's decision. Most ...Sep 29, 2021 · Four Principles of Explainable Artificial Intelligence. Published. September 29, 2021. Author(s) Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) formulated the explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) program in 2015 with the goal to enable end …
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): What we know and what is left to attain Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence. Authors: Sajid Ali. , Tamer Abuhmed. , Shaker El …. Big time games
May 8, 2021 · Abstract. The last decade has witnessed the rise of a black box society where obscure classification models are adopted by Artificial Intelligence systems (AI). The lack of explanations of how AI systems make decisions is a key ethical issue to their adoption in socially sensitive and safety-critical contexts. Explainability and/ or interpretability is essential for end-users to effectively trust, and manage artificial intelligence applications 36. Figure 7 Explainable AI approach versus todays ...March 19, 2024. The government of Saudi Arabia plans to create a fund of about $40 billion to invest in artificial intelligence, according to three people briefed on the plans — the …Jan 1, 2022 · There are emerging concerns about the Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Ethics (FATE) of educational interventions supported by the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms. One of the emerging methods for increasing trust in AI systems is to use eXplainable AI (XAI), which promotes the use of methods that produce transparent ... Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) refers to a collection of procedures and techniques that enable machine learning algorithms to produce output and results …Oct 26, 2022 · With the extensive application of deep learning (DL) algorithms in recent years, e.g., for detecting Android malware or vulnerable source code, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are increasingly becoming essential in the development of cybersecurity solutions. However, sharing the same fundamental limitation with other DL application domains, such as computer vision (CV ... May 24, 2021 · To reach a better understanding of how AI models come to their decisions, organizations are turning to explainable artificial intelligence (AI). What Is Explainable AI? Explainable AI, also abbreviated as XAI, is a set of tools and techniques used by organizations to help people better understand why a model makes certain decisions and how it ... Apr 17, 2022 · Explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI) is an established field with a vibrant community that has developed a variety of very successful approaches to explain and interpret predictions of complex machine learning models such as deep neural networks. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Concepts, taxonomies, opportunities and challenges toward responsible AI - ScienceDirect. Abstract. Introduction. Section …Meanwhile, in the last couple of years, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques have been developed to improve the explainability of machine learning models, such that their output can be better understood. In this light, it is the purpose of this paper to highlight the potential of using XAI for power system applications.WASHINGTON – Today, Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro N. Mayorkas and Chief Information Officer and Chief Artificial Intelligence Officer Eric …Previous research in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) suggests that a main aim of explainability approaches is to satisfy specific interests, goals, expectations, needs, and demands regarding artificial systems (we call these “stakeholders' desiderata”) in a variety of contexts.However, the literature on XAI is vast, spreads out across multiple …Sep 29, 2021 · Four Principles of Explainable Artificial Intelligence. Published. September 29, 2021. Author(s) Explainability and/ or interpretability is essential for end-users to effectively trust, and manage artificial intelligence applications 36. Figure 7 Explainable AI approach versus todays ...The purpose of this study was to create an explainable artificial intelligence framework combining data preprocessing methods, machine learning methods, and model interpretability methods to identify people at high risk of COPD in the smoking population and to provide a reasonable interpretation of model predictions. The data comprised ...Jun 21, 2023 ... Indecipherable black boxes are common in machine learning (ML), but applications increasingly require explainable artificial intelligence ...Recently, explainable artificial intelligence has emerged as an area of research that goes beyond pure prediction improvement by extracting knowledge from deep learning methodologies through the interpretation of their results. We investigate such explanations to explore the genetic architectures of phenotypes in genome-wide ….